Refiner Word Study echthra (G2189)
G2189  ·  Greek  ·  Strong's Concordance
ἔχθρα
echthra
6 occurrences in Scripture Greek

"enmity, discord, feud, Lk. 23:12; Gal. 5:20; alienation, Eph. 2:14, 16; a principle or state of enmity, Rom. 8:7; Jas. 4:4*"

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Definition and meaning

What does echthra mean in Greek?

6
Occurrences in Scripture
G2189
Strong's number
Greek
Original language

enmity, discord, feud, Lk. 23:12; Gal. 5:20; alienation, Eph. 2:14, 16; a principle or state of enmity, Rom. 8:7; Jas. 4:4*

In the original Greek the word is written: ἔχθρα

Historical context

What was happening when this word was written?

Roman-Occupied Judea (c. 4 BC-AD 30)

Luke wrote as a historian addressing a Greek audience. He carefully interviewed eyewitnesses and arranged events in order. The social and economic realities he describes — Roman taxation, Jewish religious hierarchy, the marginalization of women and the poor — are consistent with first-century Judea under Roman administration.

The people who first heard this word were not reading a book — they were living through empires, oppression, exile, and covenant. Every word carried the weight of that reality. Understanding it changes how you read Scripture.

Scripture references

Top 6 Bible verses with echthra

These are the most notable occurrences of echthra (G2189) across the King James Bible.

Luke 23:12

And the same day Pilate and Herod were made friends together: for before they were at enmity between themselves.

Romans 8:7

Because the carnal mind is enmity against God: for it is not subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be.

Galatians 5:20

Idolatry, witchcraft, hatred, variance, emulations, wrath, strife, seditions, heresies,

Ephesians 2:15

Having abolished in his flesh the enmity, even the law of commandments contained in ordinances; for to make in himself of twain one new man, so making peace;

Ephesians 2:16

And that he might reconcile both unto God in one body by the cross, having slain the enmity thereby:

James 4:4

Ye adulterers and adulteresses, know ye not that the friendship of the world is enmity with God? whosoever therefore will be a friend of the world is the enemy of God.

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Common questions

Frequently asked questions about echthra

What does echthra mean in Greek?

Strong's G2189 (echthra) is a Greek word that means: enmity, discord, feud, Lk. 23:12; Gal. 5:20; alienation, Eph. 2:14, 16; a principle or state of enmity, Rom. 8:7; Jas. 4:4* It appears 6 times in the King James Bible.

How many times does echthra appear in the Bible?

The word echthra (G2189) appears 6 times in the original Greek text.

What is Strong's number G2189?

Strong's G2189 is echthra, a Greek word defined as: enmity, discord, feud, Lk. 23:12; Gal. 5:20; alienation, Eph. 2:14, 16; a principle or state of enmity, Rom. 8:7; Jas. 4:4*. James Strong catalogued this in his 1890 concordance to help English readers study the original languages of the Bible.

Is echthra in the Old Testament or New Testament?

echthra is a Greek word found in the New Testament.